Photos reveal the largest deep-sea fish of its kind, 2,000 meters down in Japanese waters If this is true, and new fossil discoveries appear to confirm it, all the evidence is pointing to major changes in these reptiles as the world rebuilt itself after the end-Permian mass extinction. The team also believe that Early and Middle Triassic bird and mammal ancestors had some form of insulation, hairs in the mammal line, feathers in the bird line. This included the development of a great number of teeth for crushing usually-hard-to-reach shells. In Earth’s oceans, fishes, lobsters, gastropods, and starfishes developed new hunting styles described as “nasty” by Dr Feixiang Wu of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology, Beijing, and were significantly more powerful than their ancestors. Mass extinction event forced Triassic predators to adapt fast, or risk going extinct tooĮvolution among ancient predators was kicked into overdrive as a result of a mass extinction event that occurred at the end of the Permian period 252m years ago, according to a new review article published to Frontiers in Earth Science.Ī team of paleontologists from China and the UK showed that predators during the Triassic period – between 252m and 201m years ago – bounced back to become deadlier, smarter, and faster as they found ways to survive. This has led the researchers to conclude that a wide range of disease processes are not being successfully targeted in clinical trials and that future trials could focus more on the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease. They also found that the top-ranked 30 pathways most frequently referred to in literature remained relatively consistent over the last 30 years suggesting that most studies of the disease have focused on a small subset of all the known disease-associated pathways. These include those related to the immune system, metabolism, and long-term depression. They found that while nearly all known pathways have been linked to the disease, the most frequently associated biological mechanisms have not significantly changed in the last three decades, despite major technological advances. Writing in their review article in Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, the international team of researchers said that they wanted to understand the breadth and diversity of biological pathways – key molecular chain reactions that drive changes in cells – that contribute to Alzheimer’s disease by research over the last 30 years. Impact of Alzheimer’s on the brain may be greater than previously thoughtĪ significant review of more than 200,000 scientific publications has shown that the effects of Alzheimer’s disease on the brain are far broader than initially thought. Here are just five amazing papers you may have missed. But with tens of thousands of articles published each year, many often fly under the radar. By Colm Gorey, Frontiers science communications manager Image: Īt Frontiers, we bring some of the world’s best research to a global audience.

Star ocean the last hope